Research work · 2023
On monocentrism and polycentricity of philosoph
Gennady V. Drach
Philosophy of the History of Philosophy
Abstract
The article deals with the question of the correlation of monocentrism and polycentricity of philosophy as its constitutive principles and foundations. The monocentrism of ancient Greek philosophy, comprehended by Hegel, not only exposes Hegel's panlogism, but also the logocentrism of ancient philosophy. Connected with the peculiarities of ancient culture, monocentrism is broadly interpreted by Hermann Glockner as conversations of the spirit with itself. But, in fact, in this case we are talking about the diversity of one type of philosophy, its monocentrism, which is ensured by its uniqueness. This uniqueness is universalism, which makes it possible to transplant into a foreign cultural environment. But the philosophy originating from the Greeks produces norms and patterns of the ancient culture that gave rise to it, with its values and attitudes. Nietzsche interpreted ancient culture as an integral system in which philosophy is one of the supporting structures that ensure the interests of the city-state in the social space of domination-subordination. Modern theories of ancient culture, considering it through the prism of multiculturalism, reveal complex, dynamic processes of cultural differences, which, however, do not destroy its unity. But in this cultural multicolour, a fundamental monocentrism emerges - only the Greeks break the magical connection of words and things, emancipating the word, interpreting it “according to the establishment”. The new construction of the world breaks away from the existing “by nature” reality. In this discrepancy, the key role belongs to the concept of “truth”, which generates the space of philosophical questioning. In the current context, the role of the verb “to be” as a bundle and meaning cannot be ignored and the Greek concept of being is discussed. The question arises about the validity of linguistic relativism and the peculiarities of the use of subject-predicate connection in other languages and cultures, which opens up the space of polycentric philosophy.